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10/15/1963 - Race in Athens, U.S.A. by David Hapgood

NOT FOR PUBLICATION INS TITUTE OF CURRENT WORLD AFFAIRS DH Race Athens U S A Cedar Lane Princeton N J Richard If Nolte InstituZe Current World Affairs dlson Avenue New York N Y Dear Ir Nolte When returned Africa after years Ne Revolution obvious change place while Here personal impressions revolution conity Prlnceton stronghold called bourgeois inelllgensia Education industry residents above national average number dollars uumber grees It company comShy Princeton University communityi which leading political economic force Like other universities Princeton interests increasingly intertwined those overnment issen affluent status In admirin residents Princeton Athens America coined magazine writer It however unsophisticated phrase Negroes almost I0 percent opulation which roughly natiomal average They better American Negroes since whites better whites thegbetween races least great elsewhere painful Mny Negro before Civil War slaves students resident Negro ghetto alongside Western section where money homes located The University stron Southern fIavert segregation In seems housing segregation become complete Negroes ually pushed hetto Chinks segregation began ppear genera The Univ ersity taking Negro students Tears later desegregated itspublic schools An ganization formed housing Negroes outside ghetto A years University suffered political defeats issue involving Princeton Negroes A estate operation controlled_ Universt wanted means urban zewal possessi4n potentially lucrative occupied family Negro homes The effect renewal would hetto still smaller Neg place resettled apartments within ghetto The council voted blighted which could where planner remarkeds If house costs doesn itself The Negroes fought Eventually thrown court grounds flict interests council blight decision votes councilmen members University faculty In retrospects seems freseen In election shift Negro responsible defeat mayor Democratic incumbent Republican unequivocally opposed urban renewal project Still years Princeton tradiional pattern segregation llttle chaned despite outward integration The housing worked Negro families lived outside hetto mostly small integrated projects The opportunity opened craek cruel contrst expecttlons nsturl effect schoolso Friendships between Nero xhite common elementary school before rules sixth grade inexorably drift apart school segregation absolute Schools geared needs prosperous intelligentsia offer little Negroes Indeed Negro teacher raised aries people children worse before teachers _eated school sympathetic understa nding white schools Now poorer education better school concInded To avoid possible misunderstanding guing segregated schools point integrated schools still segregated society illusion The among Negroes Of entered IIigh School years backs graduated years I rently there mmber Negro graduates Iot long_ board education asked planed about school performance politely called socio groups The response worthy Aerican Athens After president board after these socio ecomic better educa cities summer something Princeton August Princeton fielded P_ people Washington Trenn times population A meeting formed Princeton ssocia Rights PAR close I whether meeting yearsa attended people housing pledge homeowners School I It workin pairs testing tacit segreg ation prevails places barber shops Talk hones these At meetin_g heard Bruce successful attoruey speak black Princen Wih quiet bitter orary Wright spoke poisoned youth would because those Nero ctitiesl tIigh School because teroes heels constructed naers spare people accomoda leader protest because elders protes Nor mpaay refusal Universityichheswellqualified Hesaidthatthe Dea apel1him accep searega That cured Christianity Wright group leadership mostly Protestant iaisters While refusing applicatioa Dean AdmissionsId hesof orderly World I Seldom polite Athens ugliness regaZiou before larEe udieuce After finished offer irrelevsnZ defense UuiversityI iouEh clearly telling eerience years necessa University dozen Nero dience another eeting residen University child tated agreement In these months integration clearly drawn R support never before The quality support course differ individusls cynic might integ ration become fashionable Danish furuiture Most those attend PAJIR meetings bourgeois intelligentsia white WASP A Sxon Prote ministers particularly active Negro today leaders Uncle Toms yesterday Unfortunately Negroes nority integration movement On Mrch third Princeton delegation Negro PAtIR meetings people At meeting Negro murmured Look whole white power structure On another occasion President Goheen himself spoke itted University active intervention favor integration The opposition comes might expected hites scales Italian Aerican comnitywhich above Negroes socio ecoaomic ladder The ironic resul easier Negro 40000 house eeheapbr white sections OWno What It seems likely present momentum minate segregation public places doubtless opened effroes Beyond hrder questions school system responsive needs whole munity thoseoneed least equality oppor tunity instead ettly focal French majesty forbids under brides Pris comuaity eroes The infectious enthusiasm perdes PA eettns holds outthet icitprose theromiseLnd isverynear happens after reached Will intelligentsia other rests Ave Weroes uhinded enough black promises casually summer returned staring point Thanks Institute lasttTears dvenure beter people An intel lectual adventure which I described newsier eected itsfull inerestin sunrises could intense personal eerience Africa lives ysaze never fully describe For eerience oursrofound hanks never dequate Nole Institute suppor financial Ford Foundation fuure which Insti invested quote George 0rell Saints should always considered proven ocent So Fellors Institue social reurn invesmen radually period years Time David flapood Received New York October