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6/30/1971 - The Program in Public Policy Studies: Foundation Year (Part I) by Irving J Spitzberg

NOT FOR PUBLICATION INSTITUTE OF CURRENT WORLD AFFAIRS IJS THE PROGRAM IN PUBLIC POLICY STUDIES THE FOUNDATION YEAR PART I Program Public Policy Studies Claremont Colleges Bonita Claremont California 91711 June Richard H Nolte Executive Director Institute Current World Affairs Fifth Avenue New York New York i0017 Dear Mro Nolte Attached report Program Public Policy Studies Claremont Colleges parts which I founded This report ought passing interest those little Claremont Although Program unique problems And future there experiments quite Program abroad The first section report contained newsletter reports history ofthe Program gives account research tearns The newsletter contains second report which provid analysis problems Program observations character Claremont Colleges The report taken whole commentary relationship between university community society which finds itself Perhaps these newsletters offer insight perspective through which I shall other experiments education June CHAIRMAN S ANNUAL REPORT THE PROGRAM IN PUBLIC POLICY STUDIES THE FODTDATION YEAR I pleased offer first annual report Program Public Policy Studies Claremont Colleges It achievement viable Program which report today Program glimmer student faculty member administrator Yet academic created program which significantly different other educational experience Claremont Colleges which through research meaningful impact communities which finds itself The Program Public Policy Studies offered approach relating Colleges society The manner which Program contributed relationship interest throughout report The which further transformation relationship enhance Program Claremont Colleges point which I shall retul report First I offer brief narrative history Program spcctive crigicai anaiysis activities problems I HISTORY The actual development Program Public Policy Studies began suaer However spring understand genesis Program In spring Clmremont Colleges other institutions higher education United States rocked series demonstrations protesting invasion Cambodia At motives actions Nixon administra called question relationship between Colleges wcrld reevaluated This questioning process Claremont Colleges involved group students faculty members administrators Washington Ahministrs0tion officials These persons wrote report requesting developed Ccllges channel interests energies students problems America 1970s Out report spring little emerged However summer Presidents Claremont Colleges asked Academic Deans appoint fculty members Colleges committee consider exactly Colleges could better relate their educational programs social problems This committee convened Professor Gordon Douglass Pomona College Its members included Professors John Niven Claremont Graduate School Theodore Waldman H arvey Mudd College Ralph Ross Scripps College Morton Beckner Pomona College myself Pitzer College The Dean Claremont Men College appoint replesentative committee After deliberation committee decided recommend Presidents Colleges establish program which would allow students participate research teams investigating topics social importance Professor Morton Beckner Pomona College asked groundwork implementing recommendations committee At August Professor Beckner asked found chair program which decided Program Public Policy Studies Claremont Colleges I accepted The Program designed field series research teams involving students faculty number disciplines colleges investigate particular public policy problems facing California nation With initial ouncement Program twenty eight faculty members twenty seven students attended organizational meetings During course first approximately twenty students dozen faculty members participated regular basis activities Program After considerable discussion among participants Program decided organize rogram three teams dealing environmental problems educational problems urban suburban problems During first environmental studies decided investigate Los Aogeles Air Po lution Control District The educational problems decided undertake study delivery child services urban suburban decided focus problems income housing City Pomona pursue problem whole academic Early first rauch spent learning organize research people number disciplines The schedule adequate research clear Much wasted beginning trying narro geners topics particular issues Indeed lesson first really sufficient research meaningful public policy analysis The Program governed Coordinating Committee organized during early weeks This Committee included student faculty representatives convened chaired Chairm Program In addition research teams Program sponsored series Wednesday afternoon seminars dealing problems public policy analysis These seminars informal attempts provide exchange information among members various teams about common problems These Wednesday afternoon discussions prove helpful Program hoped Prior first Program featured KNBC television On Campus The preparation production first opportunity communicate Southern California character enterprise which undertaken substantive policy research which Also about Christian Science Monitor featured story Program written Claremont Colleges By first apparent adequate policy research could completed single Indeed investigation Los Angeles Air Pollution Control District child services completed The written reports turned point rough sufficient quality distributed Small editorial groups drawn research teams organized rewrite reports publication during second semester Nevertheless students given academic credit their during first Topics research teams pursue during second selected first semester It decided environment would pursue investigation solid waste disposal Claremont education would investigate student rights schools Pomona there would ditional looking delivery emergency medical services Pomona Valley housing would continue study income housing Pomona there would preparing collegiate tutoring program Philippines cooperation students would Volonteers Asia during coming summer Initially forty stuSents about dozen faculzy members signed participa during second semester During second methodology seminar undertaken earlier first continued In seminar fculty members various disciplines analyzed relationship their disciplines public policy analysis undertaken research teams Program These methodoloov seminars never completely success faculty members great difficulty relating their disciplinary eXpertise analysis public policy problems However least start understan common issues The solid waste disposal prepared application grant money under Pinto Interdisciplinary Project Academic Community Ford Motor Comp The awarded Pinto automobile In addition formal research teams teams organized One which later became student undertook study California Public Records Act federal Freedom Information Act because these statutes found relevant search information other research teams Also organized study effective ethods delivering infornmtion discovered research teams general public This delivery composed members other research teams interest particular problem The results teams culineted internal reports Program In place Wednesday afternoon meetings spring We started series seminars These seminars designed communicate quickly early disciplinary information which would useful various teams their research These seminars featured lectures about teclniques analysis available various disciplines members faculty participated first These seminars completely unsuccessful Attendance negligible students faculty these lectures inappropriate medium communicating information The editorial groups investigation Los Angeles Air Pollution Con District delivery child services worked their second Each editoi group extensively rewrote intial drafts their reports Both groups brought their reports publishable quality midway through second semester The report published ChiLD CARE CRISIS This report istributed policy makers identified being important legislative process significant clild legislation known under consideration Congress Response national recipients quite positive however lohal child personnel enthusiastic thanks unfavorbie article Pro___g_ress The Los Angeles Air Pollution Control District report published early May After extensive review people kowledgeb field environmental problems report formally presented public press conferer Los Angeles Press Club The response report overwhelming document reaction constituted major story radio television written press forty eight hours California Also stories about report national press In spite antagonistic reaction Air Pollution Control District single major error found rcport knowledgeable readers And response report those contacted Program enthusiastic complimentary At writing reaction report still coming iready evident report indeed significant impact development future policy regard stationary source polluters Southern California example members testified before Los Angeles County Grand Jury invited testi before Los Angeles County Board Supervisors Each doing research during second completed research writing Each report mitted reader expertise subject under review before being typed final publication Most reports spring published before begins September Two reports require first preparing precollegiate tutoring program Philippines implement their summer critique actual operation program before publication their report second investigating income housing revise their report again prior publication In addition research teams during second texun Program sponsored series public policy forums everyone Claremont Colleges These forums began discussion future Claremont Colleges featuring between Dean John Rodman Pitzer College Chancellor Howard Bowen Claremont University Center This debate followed discu ssions population abortion cooperation local chapter planned parenthood unemploent college seniors delivery health Each discussion featured presentations persons representing different points provided extensive conversations among those attendance forums Also Program cooperated sponsoring visit Claremont Ralph Nader Another service Claremont Colleges provided Program courses offered various colleges which releva public policy analysis This distributed assist students faculty members design academic progrsns those interested policy analysis This narrative conclude report reorganization Program With withdrawal Scripps Harvey Mudd College financial support Program continued abstentioo Clsremoot Men College governing structure Program formally amend addition Coordinating Committee Review Committee established participating colleges providing financial support faculty Program which writing includes Pitzer Pomona Claremont Grduate School Also academic comzittee Academic Senate appointed invitation Program curriculum committees Pitzer Pomona reported evaluation Program Professors J Arthur Campbell Harvey Mudd John Vieg Pomona John Snortum Claremont Men Col found scholastically energy students devoted research writing these issues public policy yielded benefits least equal those would derived regular course cases rewards considerably greater The Academic Ser committee recommends colleges support Program range impact recommendation To guide Program academic Coordinating Committee consent Review Committee selected Prof Forest Harrison Claremont Graduate School Deprtment Education Chairman Before turning lessons helpful detail activities various research teams Program II ACTIVITIES OF THE RESEARCH TEAMS The heart Program Public Policy Studies intercollegiate interdisciplinary research These student faculty teams undertook analyze particular public policy problems special interest Claremont Colleges community One understand spirit accomplishment Program looking activities research A The Stud Child Care Services The genesis child special interest This originally organized education When education topic there great disagreement among participants One clique committed study child services However majority seemed interested studying either elementary schools But order acconmodate those students special interest child whole decided study delivery child services Pomona Valley During course child investigation studied cross section existing child facilities Pomona Valley Also surveyed literature child services elaborate research concerning delivery child services other countries In midst members attended national child conference Los Angeles When members returned conference depressed decided everyone already needed regard child services little contribute debate But after temporary depression regrouped decided could contribute information about overall child picture relate national local problems One disappointing characteristic child experience students committed child tonic beginning ended participating fully activmties These students ideologically committed political position which believe Program general child particular should involved research instead should actively establish child services These students became disillusioned research orientation practical purposes dropped This dissatisfaction radical students problem which never really overcome Program during first academic This found child services inadequate existig state local policies provide meaningful change local level Indeed reconnendations report drected federal government major policy conclusion child federal government could solve child crisis United States The report child enthusiasticlly received national legislators The child guided P ofessors Forest Harrison Claremont Graduate School Pat Thompson Scripps College Martin ljere Black Studies Center Claremong Men College B Th__e Investigation L_os An Air Po lution Control District The environment investigate Los Anaeles Air Pollution Control District hereafter APCD during first The decided topic because needed restrict intere pollution problems project manageable Also investigation PCD would especially instructive because APCD reputed stationary source pollution control agency country The students faculty members undertook investigation completel course investigation becsme critical operation agency At first there doubt whether there would final report series discrete research esssoys particular aspects APCD The report salvaged editorial students faculty After months further submitted final report April The report published May P publication report circulated number readers information about potential errors report advice about presentation document After discussion decided report formal press conference Los Angeles In preparation conference editorial committee undertook intensive conversations about potential issues which might arise press conference The conference May The response press conference dramatic At conference itself major broadcast press organizations represented The members performed unexpectedly professional The response report classical response bureaucracy threatened outside criticism although response extreme might expected The APCD characterized report being maoor minor errors The students accused being corrupted radical environmental groups radictl professors However should noted writing single person including CD single major error And mistakes For least forty eight hours Los Ang County indeed throughout country issue pollution control matter public importance direct result report research The effects report clear likely number reforms future traced directly The APCD report concluded agency doing effective protecting public health It especially criticl system which designed protect against sudden disasters which thought ought communicate continuing pollution Los Angeles basin The report suggested subtle arment APCD structurallysod organization agency placement political arena Los Angeles Coty guaranteed political econo considerations would above those public health This subtle arment often misderstood especially APCD The argument direct links County Supervisors madetheCDrefrainfrommo evigorousenforcementofir ution control This argument answered APCD Board never explic interfe APCD activities response which point A tlough subtle argument sbout political character APCD number comen ators nderstand To overall response APCD report overwhelm ingly favorable This guided Professors Daniel GuthrSe Joint Science Center Franklin Tugwell Pomona College Also assisting Professors Jon Joint Science Ceter Robert Wolf Harvey Mudd Col Professor Wolf I ssisted editing report C Th_e Study Low Income Housing_ Cit Pomona For academic consecutive teams Progra_ investigating income housing Pomona There continuity between teams persons chairman Bill Hartgering Claremont Men College member Grenzeback student Pomona College Intilly urban suburban decided investigate income housing evident conceptual empirical difficulties would require study And problems turned difficult originally sticipated During first wrote interim report which included great generl information problem income housing although little information problems City Pomona This suffered difficulties initial first there difficulty communication among members between students faculty second needed available census During second available about housing needs City Pomona Also members better conceptualize problem which allowed concrete policy analysis development particular recomme dations This found income housing Pomona suggest final report City Los Angeles County Housing Authority Its final report published after extensive editing revising The faculty member leading during first Professor Craig Stubblebine Claremont Men College assistance Professor Ted Tsukahara Pomona College In second Professor Forest Harrison provided faculty leadership D Solid D spo_al investigtion During second environment turned attention problem solid waste disposal City Claremont This survey solid waste Claremont rifling through garbage random families surveying attitudes those families The examined lite1ature solid waste disposal After inter viewing number people Claremont County State prepared final report which complimentary about current program solid disposal C aremont Lo Angeles County which pointed poblems potential improvements This assisted Professor Robert Feldmeth Joint Science Center Assistant Dean Arthur Lnge Pomona College E A__n Examination St___ud__en__t Righ i_9_n th__e Pomon_____ Shool__s The group students investigatihg student rights schools engaged interesting process narrowing their research topic Initially interested examining democratic environment thereof schools Pomona However difficult mange So course their investigation especially while writing their report students narrowed topic consideration Of rights school students They examined these rights studies democratic environment provided deprived Pomona schools This found Pomon school students restricted their rights current subject seems prescribe And where clear environment Pomon Schools seems subvert democratic responsibility which schools state their goals This report published June Professor Pat Thompson Scripps College advised student rights Ii F T__he Stud EergeD_ Medical Services th__e Pomon__a Va__ll_y_ The generation special interest The Chairman Linda Spiegel student housing during first She hoped persuade study delivery emergency services during forest fires Claremont When usuccessful convincing first teammates continued housing However preparation second organized group students study delivery emergency services She associates Program interested doing study accepted undertake This found eme1gency medical facilities Pomona Valley Community Hospital among nation However communications transportation systems which crucial delivery emergency medical services desired In their report members recommend establisnent unified communication nsportation system This advised Professor James Grant Claremont Men College G The P Colllo Tut_ __qri Proa_ Another student initiated research which developed collegiate tutoring program Philippines All students planned Volunteers Asia They series orientation programs featuring experts Asian studies collegiate teaching foreign living Also developed detailed strategy implementing their program In summer these students carry tutorial program write evaluation their preparation After actual implementation program final report published through Program This Mary Bratt graduate Pomona College staff member Honnold Library advised Professor James Gould Scripps College This description activities various teams Progr Public Policy Stud_es gives indication diversity vitality inaugural Fear However account leaves number questions often asked One interest number people exact faculty members these teams An answer question qualified saying varied according personalities students faculty However activities faculty members students participated peers research investigation Much writing initially students However arguments about analysis problem lopment policy alternatives recommendations involved students faculty The writing final report students under editoriaJ faculty members It should explicitly stated students faculty disagreed students argued their position reasonably faculty never forced change report These research efforts studet faculty enterprises Each report published after being Chairman Program independent readers outside Program The delivery process large undei taken faculty students together However members Program careful engage manner lobbying unicate effectively findings their studies So heart Program Public Policy Studies Received New York June IsAssailedasLaxbyCollegeStudyGroup By EARL C GOTTSCHALK JR Stuff2eporrolTHE VTL STREETJOURNAL LOS A GELES The Los Angeles against pollution already modern legend Robert Chass chief pollution control officer smoggy Southern California I wouldn pollution ticketformyowngrandmother added Indeed Air Pollution Control District Los Angeles County reputa strictest effective agency world lLany cities U S abroad already modeled their lution control efforts after Los Angeles district pollution controlofficials allovertheworld But first recent independent investigatidn highly regarded Los Angeles Air Pollu Control District released today disclose different picture Los Angeles Afaculty studentresearchteamfrom Clar emont Colleges concludes months investigation Los Angeles continues suffer effects pollution because pollution control agency placed economic political siderations above protection public health The interdisciplinary research which included biologist physicist experts government political science charges automobiles contribution Los Angeles pollu consistently exaggerated district inefficient short sighted enforcement Ioiiution trois industry Robert G Lunche pollution control district deputy chief called report colored misinterpre tation Someone decided attack district prepared report aforethought I bitter I hardly about The Claremont investigators rotund inspections supposedly backbone district enforcement polfcy company inspected average times The district Ir Lunche doesn disagree figure agency investigates companies district concentrates spectors polluters The investigative industries pollute relative impurdty night early morning hours because limited numbers inspections these times Lunche inspections early hours limited district found there really lution early hours The found average levied courts polluter defendants rarely jailed diculously fines considered encour agement polluters We agree fiaes Mr Lunche We unhappy about ourselves these adverse publicity worse company Lunche notes district doesn fines gathers evidence The interdisciplinary pollu hearing board grants variances indus tries pollution signatures ative aimed vastly variances requested granted crhauling pollution control state percentage which slights public health Il tablshing stringent standards hearing board autos industry financed taxpayers Los Angeles Coun therefore county taxpayer sidizing theoperation board which serves legalize pollution Air Lunche doesn dispute figure sources pollution Los Angeles We about sources Variance It reasonable emission standard announced immediately close companies The report asserts district system alerts public relations signed produce politically acceptable alerts The alert levels established basis massive disaster prevention rather public health industries rarely forced cease operation The investigators alerts designed called normal healthy reality Los An geles basin normal category Anyone drives child under adult anyone respiratory illness these people seriously affected lower levels ution called Los Angeles alert levels stated Thus Claremont suggests Air Pollution Control District design compre hensive alert system segments population includg growing children infirm Lunche maintains alert levels reviewed period ically impressed adjoining Riverside County lower alerts Los Angeles County Riversicl County wants concerned The investigators chief pollution control Los Angeles directly responsible Board Supervisors sions unduly influenced political expectations supervisors institutional demands bureaucracy economic demands indust The recommends special scientific committee control board supeisors should search county chief Air Pollution Control Dstrict implies current chief Ir Cass should dismissed Mr Lunche called charge trict influenced politics poppycock The supervisors taken tough approach lution The doesn agree Even though pollutio ieisladon U S techniques nodeled after Los Ange County clear progress eliminate Los Angeles What charges district particularly cooperate itandis adversetopublicscrutiny It industrial Los Angeles pollution problem sists Mr Lunche It Los Angeles autmob today automobiles areunder controlothe State California referring issue state Air Resources Board The investigation first salvo intense political controversy developing combat California A group called The People Lobby collecting Los Angeles pollution district placed economic political considerabions above protectioz public health accord Claremont Co study It automobile contribution pollution grossly xaggeratd trict industry Smog control enforcement Los Angeles County often efficient short sighted member college student facuit charged investi gative report The Claremont Colic count health uroblcms oldpersonsndthose dthre spiratory ailments It present alert levels prevent pollution disaster whereas danger daily exposure levels contaminauts Air Pol lution Control D officials praised eight month study report major minor errors CLAREMONT TEAM A Students faculty membersiiii Claremont Colleges eluding Miss Lynn PetersOn Forest Harri sonof faculf dMiSs Deborah Davis issued study Child Care Crisis claiming substandard children national disgrace Times photo Harry Chase U S Child Care Called Disgrace BYMARYLOU LOPER Times Staff Writer Ateam students faculty Claremont Colleges claiming substandard children United states today national disgrace The report Child Ca Crisis Was issued after month study under Pro Public Policy Studies Already drawn criticism several child admin istrators Pomona charging unrepresentative suggesting nursery schools Po espouse theory conducting their programs there national coordinate child careprograms minimum standards licensing centers However members ranging seemundismayedbycriticismand copies report policymak responsible pending legisla dealing child In report preface Irving J Spitsberg Jr headed writes We beIieve through PrograminPublic Policy Studieswe added dimensiontoundergraduate andgraduate education andmost important expectthatoursuggestions forchangewilllead adoption ofour recommendations So change through constructive criticism program The program interdisciplinary inter collegiate undertaking awing resources Cl aremont colleges Other faculty student research teams investigating Los Angeles Air Pollution Control District income housing Pomona Valley emergency medical servi Please Turn Page CoL PartlV Thurs Ju CHILD CARE CRISIS Continue fromFirstPage student rights schools solid waste disposal The child report makes observations IThere critical immediate urgent child qfitity child services which ensure development p0tential Alone families these compre hensive child needs which include needs childrenfrombirth adUlthoOd Existing facilitieS ntionally locally begin needs Ameri cIdren their rents quality child Cla rem0nt Graduate We behind development child services exist other parts world Wehave determined these rnodels quality childcare country It lists recommen dations national level designed provide blueprint alleviating crisis child These recommendations birth olescence h0uld guaranteed equal opportunity ceive child highest quality The federal govern should provide establishment child facilities needs whole family The federal govern should impleinent program child cation information parents The funding these proposals theinterestsof natlonal social welfal should federal matte A national institUt should established research study child disseminate information provide funding experimenta criteria national standards qualitY ForestHarris0n aSsoci profesS0r education School willheadthe lowup study frano chising aspects centers being consid Students faculty piticipated studyaeRossBurke borahDavis Laura Eagle Mich Gosselin bieGross Dena Hamfl Forest Harrison Martin Ijere Mary Kushner Mar garet Mintz Lynn Petero Jim Perry Mark Sprowl Patric Thompson Miss Eeterson Pitzer sophomore parti cipated inthe study cause interest career urban planning Children satisfaction pretty blonde cated happy fully developed citizens sential civilization At point She isnot inter ested mgrriage children children distance On other Miss Davi interested child development graduate studentatC aremont Graduate School public school teacher I I enjoy being around I interested haVing however unless Ican assured I alone responsibility their education I involved Women sLiband itSeems clear anyone spend24 hours child aspects ability spond A child should shared enjoyed number people forhis health health other pedple involved2